Abstract
The majority of America's schools are rapidly deteriorating, outdated in design, and challenged by increasing enrollments. In California, building schools is further complicated by limited resources and two-thirds voter approval of bond measures. From both the urgency to improve the physical condition of schools, as well as the need to promote their benefits to communities, this study was born. Purpose. The purpose of this study was to describe strategic practices (defined as priority-based actions) utilized in the development of joint-use agreements for educational facilities between California public school districts and community entities, as well as both impeding and supportive elements. A cross-case analysis of the efforts and experiences of seven California school facility practitioners was crafted. Findings. The study identified major findings as metathemes that were operationally described. Six metathemes of strategic practices were identified relative to aspects of cooperation, perseverance, collaboration, entrepreneurialism, synergy, and resourcefulness. Six metathemes described barriers to joint-use, relative to aspects of territorialism, use/access conflicts, bureaucracy, and limited finances, collaboration and top-level support. Four metathemes described supportive elements to joint-use, including institutionalized belief, productive relationships, strong reputations, and support from top-level leadership. Recommendations. The study recommends facility practitioners commit action to joint-use project development with community entities. Implications point to the following considerations of: (1) cost-reduction strategies for new construction as well as operations, management and personnel; (2) community planning and development efforts; and (3) implementation of community recreation and education programs. Facility practitioners are encouraged to share joint-use efforts via professional networks. A central clearinghouse promoting best case practices is envisioned. Recommendations for further study are noted. In support of further study and common practices of facility practitioners, a comprehensive list of personal and organizational contacts utilized during the study is provided. In addition, an annotated compendium of successful joint-use projects is offered, as well as a list of network resources utilized by the researcher.