Abstract
Purpose. The purpose of this study was to describe and compare specialized schools and programs for homeless children through a case study approach of five selected programs operated by three Southern California County Offices of Education, for the purpose of providing detailed information regarding historical background, operational processes, results, and major implementation issues which may provide a successful model to assist local educational agencies in designing specialized programs and schools for the homeless students in their areas. Methodology. The case study was the method used for the study. The instrumentation included a semi structured interview guide for program practitioners, program visitations, and archival data review. The data were presented in cross-sectional matrix charts and a series of tables. Findings. The following major findings emerged from this research: (1) the schools had a strong mission statement understood by all; (2) the schools identified specific recruitment efforts; (3) the teachers used a variety of instructional materials and strategies; (4) the schools offered extensive support services to students; (5) there was an increase in student's attendance; and (6) there was an increase in student's positive attitude toward school. Some suggestions for educational agencies contemplating starting a school for the homeless included: (1) the need to have strong administrative support; (2) the need to establish a strong community network; (3) the need to establish clear goals and objectives for students and program; and (4) the need to provide services to students that address their academic, social and emotional, and health needs. Conclusions. It is evident from the findings in this study that schools designed to serve children who are homeless are not structured from a particular model. Each program is developed from available resources. In addition, a special school designed especially to serve students who are homeless is a very valuable option for those students because they need much more support and many more services than the traditional school can usually provide.