Abstract
Purpose. The purpose of this study was to examine the historical experiences of Nigerians under parliamentary and presidential governance, and military dictatorship. It also assessed Nigerian civic attitudes on the recent democratic developments in the country. This study examined the three governance systems based on the prevailing ethnic conditions at the time of their practice. Theoretical framework. The theoretical framework selected for this study was based on the research foundations of organizational theory, institutional theory, cultural theory, and representative bureaucratic theory. Discussion under the theoretical framework provided the groundwork in which to gain greater understanding of those complex issues affecting Nigeria. These theories demonstrate direct and indirect connections as well as linkage between the complex and interwoven relationship of Nigerians to the successive governments in the face of competing multiethnic groups. Methodology. The primary focus of this study was to examine Nigerian experiences under three different types of governments under which Nigerians have been ruled since independence in 1960, and attitudes under democratic governance. The study examined Nigerian civic attitudes with regard to democratic and military administrations. This section of the dissertation discusses the methodological considerations. It specifies the kind of research undertaken, the sample population, instrumentation, data collection and analysis, and limitations. To gather data on civic attitudes, this study used survey data from the existing national survey conducted by Afrobarometer from August 28 through December 30, 2005. Findings. The results of the study support the fact that Nigerians are willing to forge ahead with democracy in spite of ethnic suspicions. Conclusions and recommendations. Nigerians generally continue to prefer democratic government over all other options and are not ready to abandon the democratic system for nondemocratic alternatives such as military rule or a domineering presidency. Many remain patient about the anticipated benefits of the democratic system. Considerable barriers remain related to ethnic diversity and culture. Ethnic diversity should be transformed into a blessing through consistent studies on the effects of ethnicity. Establishment of a sound economy and reduction of poverty are two necessary ingredients for the survival of any democracy. Minimizing poverty will help cut down on corruption and promote democracy.