From North Asia to South America: Tracing the longest human migration through genomic sequencing

Elena S Gusareva; Amit Gourav Ghosh; Vladimir N Kharkov; Seik-Soon Khor; Aleksei Zarubin; Nikita Moshkov; Namrata Kalsi; Aakrosh Ratan; Cassie E Heinle; Niall Cooke; Claudio M Bravi; Marina V Smolnikova; Sergey Yu Tereshchenko; Eduard W Kasparov; Irina Khitrinskaya; Andrey Marusin; Magomed O Razhabov; Maria V Golubenko; Maria Swarovskaya; Nikita A Kolesnikov; Ksenia V Vagaitseva; Elena R Eremina; Aitalina Sukhomyasova; Olga Shtygasheva; Deepa Panicker; Poh Nee Ang; Choou Fook Lee; Yanqing Koh; See Ting Leong; Changsook Park; Sachin R Lohar; Zhei Hwee Yap; Soo Guek Ng; Justine Dacanay; Daniela I Drautz-Moses; Nurul Adilah Binte Ramli; Katsushi Tokunaga; Ian McGonigle; Inaho Danjoh; Andrés Moreno-Estrada; Atsushi Tajima; Hideyuki Tanabe; Yukio Nakamura; Shigeki Nakagome; Tatiana V Tatarinova; Vadim A Stepanov; Stephan C Schuster; Hie Lim Kim

doi:10.1126/science.adk5081

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From North Asia to South America: Tracing the longest human migration through genomic sequencing

Journal article

Peer reviewed

From North Asia to South America: Tracing the longest human migration through genomic sequencing

Elena S Gusareva, Amit Gourav Ghosh, Vladimir N Kharkov, Seik-Soon Khor, Aleksei Zarubin, Nikita Moshkov, Namrata Kalsi, Aakrosh Ratan, Cassie E Heinle, Niall Cooke, …

Science (American Association for the Advancement of Science), Vol.388(6748), p.eadk5081

15/05/2025

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1126/science.adk5081

PMID: 40373127

Abstract

Asia

Ethnicity - genetics

Genetic Variation

Genetics, Population

Genome, Human

Human Migration - history

Humans

Siberia - ethnology

South America

Whole Genome Sequencing

Genome sequencing of 1537 individuals from 139 ethnic groups reveals the genetic characteristics of understudied populations in North Asia and South America. Our analysis demonstrates that West Siberian ancestry, represented by the Kets and Nenets, contributed to the genetic ancestry of most Siberian populations. West Beringians, including the Koryaks, Inuit, and Luoravetlans, exhibit genetic adaptation to Arctic climate, including medically relevant variants. In South America, early migrants split into four groups-Amazonians, Andeans, Chaco Amerindians, and Patagonians-~13,900 years ago. Their longest migration led to population decline, whereas settlement in South America's diverse environments caused instant spatial isolation, reducing genetic and immunogenic diversity. These findings highlight how population history and environmental pressures shaped the genetic architecture of human populations across North Asia and South America.

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Title: From North Asia to South America: Tracing the longest human migration through genomic sequencing
Creators: Elena S Gusareva - Nanyang Technological University
Amit Gourav Ghosh - Nanyang Technological University
Vladimir N Kharkov - Genome Institute of Singapore
Seik-Soon Khor - National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
Aleksei Zarubin - Research Institute of Medical Genetics, Tomsk National Medical Research Center, Russian Academy of Science, Tomsk, Russian Federation
Nikita Moshkov - Genome Institute of Singapore
Namrata Kalsi - Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering
Aakrosh Ratan - Genome Institute of Singapore
Cassie E Heinle - Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering
Niall Cooke - Trinity College Dublin
Claudio M Bravi - Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Celular
Marina V Smolnikova - Genome Institute of Singapore
Sergey Yu Tereshchenko - Genome Institute of Singapore
Eduard W Kasparov - Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Irina Khitrinskaya - Research Institute of Medical Genetics, Tomsk National Medical Research Center, Russian Academy of Science, Tomsk, Russian Federation
Andrey Marusin - Tomsk National Research Medical Center
Magomed O Razhabov - Tomsk National Research Medical Center
Maria V Golubenko - Research Institute of Medical Genetics, Tomsk National Medical Research Center, Russian Academy of Science, Tomsk, Russian Federation
Maria Swarovskaya - Tomsk National Research Medical Center
Nikita A Kolesnikov - Research Institute of Medical Genetics, Tomsk National Medical Research Center, Russian Academy of Science, Tomsk, Russian Federation
Ksenia V Vagaitseva - Research Institute of Medical Genetics, Tomsk National Medical Research Center, Russian Academy of Science, Tomsk, Russian Federation
Elena R Eremina - Buryat Republican Perinatal Center, Ulan-Ude, Buryat Republic, Russian Federation
Aitalina Sukhomyasova - North-Eastern Federal University
Olga Shtygasheva - Abakan
Deepa Panicker - Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering
Poh Nee Ang - Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering
Choou Fook Lee - Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering
Yanqing Koh - Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering
See Ting Leong - Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering
Changsook Park - Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering
Sachin R Lohar - Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering
Zhei Hwee Yap - Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering
Soo Guek Ng - Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering
Justine Dacanay - Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering
Daniela I Drautz-Moses - Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering
Nurul Adilah Binte Ramli - Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering
Katsushi Tokunaga - Genome Institute of Singapore
Ian McGonigle - Genome Institute of Singapore
Inaho Danjoh - Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization
Andrés Moreno-Estrada - Genome Institute of Singapore
Atsushi Tajima - Genome Institute of Singapore
Hideyuki Tanabe - Genome Institute of Singapore
Yukio Nakamura - Genome Institute of Singapore
Shigeki Nakagome - Genome Institute of Singapore
Tatiana V Tatarinova - University of La Verne
Vadim A Stepanov - Genome Institute of Singapore
Stephan C Schuster - Nanyang Technological University
Hie Lim Kim - Nanyang Technological University
Publication Details: Science (American Association for the Advancement of Science), Vol.388(6748), p.eadk5081
Identifiers: 991004333666506311
Academic Unit: Biology
Language: English
Resource Type: Journal article

From North Asia to South America: Tracing the longest human migration through genomic sequencing

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